Choosing an English proficiency test is an important step in your study-abroad application. For many students, the decision comes down to TOEFL vs IELTS, especially when universities accept both tests.
Neither test is automatically the right choice for every student. The better option depends on the universities you are applying to, the test format you are comfortable with, how you perform in speaking and writing, and the score requirements of your chosen course.
For 2026-27 applicants, there are also some important updates to consider. TOEFL iBT introduced a new 1–6 scoring scale in January 2026, while IELTS is moving toward computer-delivered testing globally from mid-2026, with some markets offering a Writing on Paper option.
This guide compares TOEFL and IELTS across format, scoring, speaking, results, acceptance and preparation so you can make an informed choice for your study-abroad plans.
TOEFL vs IELTS: What Is the Difference?
Both TOEFL and IELTS assess the four core English-language skills:
- Reading
- Listening
- Speaking
- Writing
The biggest differences are in test format, question styles, speaking delivery, scoring systems and test experience.
IELTS Academic is specifically designed for students applying for undergraduate or postgraduate study. The test takes approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes and includes Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.
TOEFL iBT is also designed around academic English and is delivered on a computer. The current TOEFL iBT takes approximately two hours, although the exact testing time and number of items can vary because the test is adaptive.
| Feature | IELTS Academic | TOEFL iBT |
|---|---|---|
| Main purpose | Higher education and professional contexts | Academic study and admissions |
| Skills tested | Reading, Listening, Writing, Speaking | Reading, Listening, Speaking, Writing |
| Main delivery | Computer-based, with availability varying by market | Computer-based |
| Speaking | With an IELTS examiner | Computer-based speaking tasks |
| Score scale | 0–9 band scale | 1–6 scale from 2026 |
| Test duration | Approximately 2 hours 45 minutes | Approximately 2 hours |
| Results | Computer results generally available in 1–5 days | Available in an ETS account 3 days after the test |
Test formats and result timelines can change, so students should check the official test provider and their university before booking.
TOEFL vs IELTS: Test Format and Structure
Understanding how each test works can help you identify which format matches your strengths.
IELTS Academic Format
IELTS Academic has four sections:
- Listening: Approximately 30 minutes
- Reading: 60 minutes
- Writing: 60 minutes
- Speaking: 11–14 minutes
The IELTS Speaking test is conducted with a trained examiner. This makes the speaking experience different from TOEFL, where speaking responses are completed as part of the computer-based test.
IELTS Academic Writing includes two tasks. Task 1 requires students to describe or summarise visual information such as a graph, chart, table or diagram. Task 2 requires a written response to a point of view, argument or problem.
TOEFL iBT Format
TOEFL iBT assesses:
- Reading
- Listening
- Speaking
- Writing
The updated TOEFL iBT introduced an adaptive testing experience in January 2026. ETS states that the test adjusts to the student’s ability level and includes more modern and relevant language content.
TOEFL iBT is available at authorised test centres, and ETS also offers a Home Edition in eligible locations.
The format can therefore feel more integrated and computer-focused, particularly for students who are comfortable completing most of their assessment digitally.
TOEFL vs IELTS: Scoring System
One of the most important changes for students taking TOEFL in 2026-27 is the new scoring system.
Since January 21, 2026, TOEFL iBT reports section and overall scores on a 1–6 scale in half-point increments. During a two-year transition period, students also receive a comparable overall score on the previous 0–120 scale.
IELTS continues to use a 1–9 band scale, with results reported in whole and half bands. IELTS scores reflect performance across Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.
Because the two tests use different scoring systems, you should not compare the numbers directly. Instead, check the score requirement published by the university or institution where you plan to apply.
A university may specify an IELTS band requirement or a TOEFL requirement. ETS also states that institutions set their own TOEFL score requirements.
TOEFL vs IELTS: Speaking Test
The speaking section is one of the clearest differences between the two exams.
In IELTS, Speaking is conducted with a trained examiner. The test evaluates areas including fluency and coherence, lexical resource, grammatical range and accuracy, and pronunciation.
In TOEFL iBT, speaking is completed as part of the computer-based test.
This difference can matter when selecting your test.
If you are comfortable having a direct conversation with an examiner, you may prefer the IELTS speaking format. If you are more comfortable recording responses through a computer-based test, TOEFL may feel more familiar.
However, the best choice should be based on your actual performance rather than assumptions about which test is easier.
TOEFL vs IELTS: Results and Test Experience
Result timing can also matter when you are working toward an application deadline.
IELTS states that results for IELTS on computer are generally available within 1–5 days, while IELTS Online results are generally available within 6–8 days.
ETS states that TOEFL iBT scores are available in the student’s ETS account 3 days after the test date.
IELTS is also undergoing a significant delivery change in 2026. IELTS announced that from mid-2026, paper-based IELTS will no longer be offered globally, although exact timelines vary by market. In selected markets, students can use the Writing on Paper option while taking the rest of the test on computer.
Before booking either test, check:
- Available test dates in your location
- Test centre availability
- University application deadlines
- Whether your university accepts the specific test format
- Expected result delivery time
- Score requirements for your course
Which Test Is Accepted for Study Abroad?
Both IELTS and TOEFL are widely used for international education.
IELTS reports that more than 13,500 organisations trust IELTS, including educational institutions, governments, employers and professional organisations.
ETS states that TOEFL scores are accepted by more than 13,000 institutions in over 160 countries.
However, broad acceptance does not mean every university, course or campus has identical requirements.
Your university may specify:
- A minimum overall score
- Minimum scores in individual sections
- A particular version of the test
- Conditions for online testing
- Different requirements for undergraduate and postgraduate applicants
The safest approach is to check the English-language requirement on the official university website before registering for an exam.
TOEFL vs IELTS: Which Test Should You Choose?
There is no single answer for every student. Your decision should come down to your target universities and your personal strengths.
Choose Based on Your Test-Taking Style
Consider IELTS if you are more comfortable with:
- Speaking directly to an examiner
- IELTS-style writing tasks
- A 1–9 band scoring system
- A test format that separates the four skills clearly
Consider TOEFL if you are more comfortable with:
- A computer-focused testing environment
- Speaking into a computer
- Integrated academic tasks
- The updated TOEFL scoring system introduced in 2026
These are format considerations, not guarantees about which test will produce a higher score.
Check Your University Requirements First
Your university requirement should come before your personal preference.
For example, if your chosen university accepts both TOEFL and IELTS, you can compare the formats and choose the one that suits your strengths.
If your university specifies only one test or places conditions on a particular test format, that requirement should guide your decision.
Do not book an exam simply because a friend, coaching centre or social media post says it is easier.
This article is for educational and informational purposes. University admission requirements, tuition fees, visa rules, scholarships, immigration policies and post-study opportunities may change. Students should verify the latest information with the relevant university, government authority, immigration department, embassy or official source before making a decision.
How to Prepare for TOEFL or IELTS
Once you choose the test, preparation should focus on both English proficiency and test technique.
1. Understand the Test Format
Read the official test format before beginning intensive preparation.
Understand:
- Number of sections
- Question types
- Time limits
- Speaking format
- Writing requirements
- Scoring criteria
2. Take a Practice Test
A diagnostic test can help you understand your current level.
Look at your performance across all four skills rather than focusing only on your overall result.
3. Identify Your Weakest Skills
For example, you may be comfortable with reading but struggle with speaking fluently.
Your preparation plan should give additional practice time to the areas where you need improvement.
4. Practise Under Time Limits
Knowing English is not the same as performing well under exam conditions.
Complete timed practice sessions so you become familiar with the pace of the test.
5. Use Official Preparation Resources
Use practice materials from the official IELTS and TOEFL websites wherever possible. This helps you become familiar with the current test format and scoring approach.
6. Check Your Target Score
Before booking your exam, identify the English-language score requirement for every university and course on your application list.
This prevents you from preparing for a score that does not match your actual admission requirements.
Common Mistakes Students Should Avoid
Students preparing for TOEFL or IELTS often focus too heavily on general English practice and overlook the specific test format.
Avoid these mistakes:
- Choosing a test without checking university requirements
- Preparing only one skill
- Ignoring the speaking format
- Using outdated TOEFL score information
- Assuming IELTS and TOEFL scores are directly interchangeable
- Waiting until the application deadline is close to take the test
- Relying entirely on memorised answers
- Ignoring official test-format updates
- Taking the exam without completing timed practice tests
For 2026-27 applicants, paying attention to updated TOEFL scoring and IELTS delivery changes is particularly important.
FAQs
Is TOEFL or IELTS better for studying abroad?
Neither test is universally better. Both are widely accepted. Your choice should depend on your university requirements, preferred test format, speaking style and preparation strengths.
Is TOEFL harder than IELTS?
Difficulty is subjective. TOEFL and IELTS use different formats and scoring systems, so a student’s performance can vary between the two. Taking practice tests for both can help you understand which format suits you better.
Can I use TOEFL instead of IELTS?
If your university accepts TOEFL, you may be able to use it instead of IELTS. Always check the current English-language requirements of your specific university and course.
Is TOEFL still accepted in 2026-27?
TOEFL remains widely accepted for university admissions. ETS states that more than 13,000 institutions in over 160 countries accept TOEFL scores. However, individual institutions set their own requirements.
Does IELTS have a new format in 2026?
IELTS announced that from mid-2026 it will move away from paper-based testing globally, with exact implementation timelines varying by market. Selected markets may offer a Writing on Paper option as part of a computer-delivered test.
How long are TOEFL and IELTS scores valid?
TOEFL scores are valid for two years, according to ETS. Students should check the current IELTS policy and the requirements of their intended institution when planning an application.
Key Takeaways
The TOEFL vs IELTS decision should be based on your university requirements, preferred test format and individual strengths rather than the idea that one test is easier for everyone.
IELTS may appeal to students who prefer a face-to-face speaking assessment and its band-based scoring system. TOEFL may suit students who prefer a computer-based academic testing environment and the updated 2026 scoring system.
For 2026-27 applications, start by checking the English-language requirements of your target universities. Then compare the current test formats, take practice tests and choose the option that fits your application requirements and preparation style.
The right English test is ultimately the one that meets your university’s requirements and allows you to demonstrate your English ability effectively.
Start Your Study Abroad Journey
If you are planning to study abroad and need help understanding your options, you can connect with a LetzStudy counsellor for personalised guidance. We can help you explore suitable countries, universities, courses, eligibility requirements, application steps and other aspects of your study-abroad journey based on your academic profile and goals.
Book a Free Consultation.
